![]() ![]() The results highlight an annual NRW ofġ6,502,198 or 41% of the total water produced, inducing a revenue loss of US$Ĩ,713,156. July 2013 to June 2014, by using the International Water Association (IWA) ![]() (WASAC) of Rwanda, NRW was calculated for 15 WASAC branches and Provinces, from Based on water usage records from the Water and Sanitation Corporation Magnitude of water losses, the associated environmental and socio-economicĬonsequences, as well as the potential benefits from water loss reduction in Little attention has been paid to quantitative assessment of the spatialĭistribution of water losses in Rwanda. Water utilities and sustainable natural water resource management. ![]() Water loss or Non-Revenue Water (NRW) threatens the financial viability of Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection, Non-Revenue Water, Water Loss Reduction, Sustainability, WASAC, Rwanda The Need for Awareness of Drinking Water Loss Reduction for Sustainable Water Resource Management in RwandaĪUTHORS: Fidele Karamage, Chi Zhang, Felix Ndayisaba, Lamek Nahayo, Alphonse Kayiranga, James Kehinde Omifolaji, Hua Shao, Alice Umuhoza, Jean Baptiste Nsengiyumva, Tong Liu © 2023 OANDA Business Information & Services Inc.OANDA (2016) Historical Exchange Rates: OANDA’s Currency Calculator Tools Use OANDA Rates. If you would like to reproduce or redistribute any of the content found on MarketPulse, an award winning forex, commodities and global indices analysis and news site service produced by OANDA Business Information & Services, Inc., please access the RSS feed or contact us at Visit to find out more about the beat of the global markets. or any of its affiliates, subsidiaries, officers or directors. Opinions are the authors not necessarily that of OANDA Business Information & Services, Inc. It is not investment advice or a solution to buy or sell securities. However, a break with an hourly close below 90.30 negates the bullish tone to expose the next support at 89.35 (swing low area of & ascending trendline from 24 March 2023 low).Ĭontent is for general information purposes only. The intermediate resistance to watch will be at 92.10. In addition, the hourly RSI oscillator has just managed to stage a bounce right above its corresponding support at the 47% level which suggests that potential short-term upside momentum remains intact. In the shorter-term time horizon depicted by the hourly chart, the price actions of AUD/JPY have managed to trace out a series of “higher lows” that is being supported by a minor ascending trendline in place since the 26 April 2023 low of 87.87 that is now acting as a key short-term pivotal support at 90.30. Since its 20 December 2022 swing low of 87.00, the AUD/JPY cross pair has evolved into a major sideways range configuration below a key 200-day moving average that is acting as a resistance at a zone of 92.10/92.80 as seen from the daily chart. Add percentages to get more realistic rates like what you’re charged by banks or credit card companies. AUD/JPY Technical Analysis – May see a retest on its 92.10/92.80 major range resistanceįig 1: AUD/JPY trend as of (Source: TradingView, click to enlarge chart) Use the Currency Converter to calculate exchange rates for any day back to January, 1990. Retail sales increased by 18.4% year-on-year, below the consensus of 21% but above March’s print of 10.6%. Industrial production grew by 5.6% year-on-year from 3.9% recorded in March but way below the consensus of 10.9%. Both consumer spending and industrial activities grew slower than expected in April. In addition, the latest macro data from China Australia’s top trading partner suggests more evidence of a slowdown in its recovery spurt. In contrast, the current weak external environment is likely to have an adverse impact on the economic growth of Australia due to less demand for its top industrial-related commodities exports such as coal and iron ore. Today’s release of the minutes of RBA’s monetary policy meeting for 2 May has revealed that policymakers were concerned about weak productivity growth that would trigger inflation risks, persistently high services inflation, and faster-than-expected rental increases that may require a further rise in interest rates. The Aussie dollar seems to be trapped by two conflicting fundamental factors in the short to medium-term horizon.įirstly, the positive factor that supports potential strength in the Aussie dollar comes from the hawkish rhetoric portrayed by Australia’s central bank, the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) after its surprise 25 basis points hike on its policy interest rate to 3.85% on 2 May. AUD/JPY key short-term support stands at 90.30 with major range resistance coming in at 92.10/92.80.RBA’s hawkish rhetoric has provided a potential floor but a weak external environment due to China prevents bulls from taking an aggressive stance.Two conflicting fundamental factors are driving the short-term movement of the Aussie dollar. ![]()
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